Monday, April 30, 2012
Walter W. Law, 2: Briarcliff Lodge, the Fabulous “Hotel Beautiful”
Despite his lack of experience as
a hotelkeeper, around the turn of the previous century the retired rug company
executive decided to construct a mammoth hotel at the highest point on his vast
Westchester properties.
Designed by architect Guy King with
sweeping views of the Hudson and the Highlands,
the 225-room Briarcliff Lodge opened in 1902 and quickly became America ’s premier
summer resort destination.
Walter Law considered the tiny station
unsuitable for guests of his luxurious hotel. Placed on a flat car, it was moved
to Millwood, where it can still be seen, painted in garish colors now faded and
peeling--a forlorn relic of a forgotten era. Its hipped gable roof, deeply
bracketed canopies and projecting bay windows are typical of stations along the
line of the original New York & Northern Railroad that had served the
community since 1881.
He replaced it with a station
building he considered more appropriate to the Tudor style of his new hotel and
changed its name to Briarcliff Manor. Larger than most of the original stations
on the Putnam line, it was constructed of concrete with a stucco finish and
applied wood half-timbering. Its wood-paneled interior was furnished with
amenities such as a round center table, chairs and an oriental rug
complementing the traditional passenger benches along the walls.
Following the abandonment of the Putnam
railroad line in 1958, Briarcliff Manor bought Law’s station to house its
public library. Eventually, the collection became hopelessly cramped in its too-small
space. Only after New York
threatened to revoke the library’s charter did the village expand the former
station with an architecturally compatible addition that opened to the public in
2009.
Briarcliff Lodge’s own vehicles—first
horse-drawn and then motor cars--met trains at the new Briarcliff Manor station
of the New York Central’s Putnam Division and at the Scarborough
station of the Hudson Division. On arrival at the lodge, guests found a resort
the equal of any at the famous watering holes of Europe .
The Briarcliff Lodge was to bring many changes to the sleepy hamlet that became thevillage of Briarcliff Manor .
The Briarcliff Lodge was to bring many changes to the sleepy hamlet that became the
Aerial view of Briarcliff Lodge. |
A Monumental Undertaking
Experienced chefs prepared haute cuisine meals from fruits
and vegetables grown in Briarcliff Farms’ own gardens. Briarcliff Table Water
was on every table. Perhaps the most famous of lodge chefs was European-trained
Maurice LaCroix. Before coming to the lodge, he had worked at the Astor, Belmont , Knickerbocker and Biltmore hotels in New York City .
The Card Room at Briarcliff Lodge. |
Indoor amenities included a music room with a pipe organ, a swimming pool, a small theater, a casino with billiard and pool tables, a library, and a ballroom. Playgrounds, swings and croquet lawns kept children busy.
Among outdoor diversions, guests could
play tennis on one of the lodge’s 15 tournament-level clay courts or tee off on
the lodge’s nine-hole golf course, later enlarged to an 18-hole professional
course laid out by noted designer Devereux Emmet. The horsey set could choose a
mount from a stable of saddle horses and ride over bucolic back-country roads,
while those who preferred shank’s mare could hike over woodland trails.
For guests who arrived by their
own automobiles, the lodge offered a special dining hall, dressing rooms,
smoking rooms and facilities for patrons’ uniformed chauffeurs. The lodge also
featured a large parking garage (originally the lodge stables) a fully equipped
automobile repair shop. For guests without automobiles, Fiat touring cars and
chauffeur-driven limousines were available for hire.
The list of guests who stayed at
the Briarcliff Lodge reads like a “Who’s Who” of the early 20th century: From
the world of politics, Franklin D. Roosevelt (and Eleanor, of course) and
Alfred E. Smith, when each was governor of New York ,
and Senator Chauncey M. Depew, of Peekskill .
From the realm of entertainment, guests included Mary Pickford, Warner Baxter
and Tallulah Bankhead, stage actres Sarah Bernhardt, and Madame Ernestine
Schumann-Heink, operatic contralto.
The Law family ran the hotel until 1923, when Chauncey Depew Steele, former assistant manager ofNew York ’s Algonquin Hotel, signed a 20-year
lease for the property. After he added year-round operation, including winter
sports, Briarcliff Lodge was advertised as “America ’s
St. Moritz .” In
a snowless January in 1924, gondola cars full of snow were transported from the
Adirondacks for a skiing exhibition by the U.S. Olympic team.
Walter Law did nothing by halves. Converting the lake near the lodge into a tiled “Roman pool” holding six million gallons of water, he created the world’s largest outdoor swimming pool. Johnny Weissmuller tried out for the 1924 Olympics and demonstrated his freestyle prowess in the Briarcliff Lodge pool.
At the summer games in Paris that year, the 20-year-old Weissmuller, who would later make a career out of playing Tarzan roles in films, won three gold medals and a bronze (as a member of the American water polo team). In 1928, at the summer Olympics inAmsterdam , he went on to win two more gold
medals.
Gertrude Ederle, daughter of aBronx butcher, also tried out for the 1924 Olympics in
the lodge’s pool. Not yet 18, she would win one gold and two bronze medals in Paris . The following
year, she turned professional. In 1926 she became the first woman to swim the English Channel , in the process breaking the existing
record held by a male swimmer.
The Law family ran the hotel until 1923, when Chauncey Depew Steele, former assistant manager of
Walter Law did nothing by halves. Converting the lake near the lodge into a tiled “Roman pool” holding six million gallons of water, he created the world’s largest outdoor swimming pool. Johnny Weissmuller tried out for the 1924 Olympics and demonstrated his freestyle prowess in the Briarcliff Lodge pool.
At the summer games in Paris that year, the 20-year-old Weissmuller, who would later make a career out of playing Tarzan roles in films, won three gold medals and a bronze (as a member of the American water polo team). In 1928, at the summer Olympics in
Gertrude Ederle, daughter of a
Greenhouses at Briarcliff Lodge. |
A Hotel No More
Wounded by the Great Depression, in 1936 the lodge was
leased to Dr. Matthew H. Reaser to operate the Edgewood Park
School , a college prep
school for girls. The following year, the school bought the lodge and grounds.
Failing to meet a mortgage payment in 1954, the Edgewood Park
School closed its doors.
After an abortive attempt by
investors to open the lodge again as a hotel, in 1955 the King’s College, a
Christian liberal arts college, bought the Briarcliff Lodge for use as the main
building of its campus. Several other area buildings were also purchased. Severe
financial problems caused the King’s College to close in 1994. It traded the
school property in Briarcliff Manor for a lot twice its size in Orange County ,
but never occupied it.
Today, the King’s College unusual campus
consists of three floors rented in the Empire
State building at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 34th Street in New York City . With a
total student body numbering about 300, its students occupy residential dorms in
nearby buildings on Sixth Avenue .
Plans to develop the lodge as a
senior citizen facility fell through, and it and other associated campus
buildings built by the King’s College remained shuttered, attractive targets
for vandalism.
Sad to say, nothing remains of the
Briarcliff Lodge today. On Saturday morning, Sept. 20, 2003, a fire broke out
in the wood-timbered portion of the massive, sprawling building under
suspicious circumstances. The conflagration spread rapidly, causing a major
portion of the 101-year-old structure to be destroyed.
The remaining portion of the lodge
and other campus buildings were later demolished. With the exception of its
foundation, all traces of the once-proud Briarcliff Lodge are gone. Walter
Law’s stone mansion, which had served as a 30-room men’s dormitory, was
restored and sold as a private residence.
A Mystery Solved
According to a notice in The New York Times of Jan. 19, 1924, “Walter W. Law died on Thursday, Jan. 17, in Somerville, North Carolina. At the time of his death, Mr. Law was attended by only his nurse and doctors as he had gone south for a rest cure and was expected home shortly.”
Funeral services were to be held on Sunday, Jan. 20 at the Briarcliff Congregational Church. Mr. Law was survived by two sons, Walter W. Law, Jr., former chairman of the State Tax Commission in the early 1920s, and Henry H. Law, and three married daughters.
The only mention of Walter Law’s burial place to be found anywhere was in A History of Briarcliff Manor, by the Rev. Robert B. Pattison, reprinted in 1939 from The Briarcliff Weekly. In it, Pattison wrote that Law and his wife who predeceased him in 1910 were buried in Woodland Cemetery.
Unfortunately, there is no community named Somerville in North Carolina and no Woodland Cemetery locally. Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, however, holds the ornate mausoleums of many American retail tycoons, such as F.W. Woolworth, J.C. Penney, S.H. Kress and Franklin Simon. Wouldn’t Woodlawn be a logical burial place for a kingpin in the Sloane retail empire? Moreover, changing only one letter transforms Woodland into Woodlawn.
A phone call to Woodlawn Cemetery elicited a positive response. “Yes, Walter W. Law, deceased in 1924, is buried here. We show his last address as Summerville, South Carolina. He’s buried in the Prospect Plot.” The Prospect Plot turned out to be as big as two football fields.
Walter W. Law’s last resting place is no elaborately impressive mausoleum. Instead, in the shade of a large tree stands a modestly sized rectangular gravestone on which is chiseled the single word “LAW.” Embedded in the ground in front of it are four small, flat stones. These mark the graves of Walter Law, his wife Georgiana Ransom Law, his daughter Caroline, and a son, Arthur, born in 1876 and died the following year. The infant’s brief existence is not mentioned in any source. On his grave marker are inscribed the name “Arthur” and the dates 1876-1877, followed by the New Testament verse, “Suffer little children to come unto me.”
At long last, the forgotten last resting place of Walter W. Law and members of his family had been found, another piece in a tantalizing historical puzzle. But his definitive biography and an in-depth history of his many enterprises still remain to be written.
According to a notice in The New York Times of Jan. 19, 1924, “Walter W. Law died on Thursday, Jan. 17, in Somerville, North Carolina. At the time of his death, Mr. Law was attended by only his nurse and doctors as he had gone south for a rest cure and was expected home shortly.”
Funeral services were to be held on Sunday, Jan. 20 at the Briarcliff Congregational Church. Mr. Law was survived by two sons, Walter W. Law, Jr., former chairman of the State Tax Commission in the early 1920s, and Henry H. Law, and three married daughters.
The only mention of Walter Law’s burial place to be found anywhere was in A History of Briarcliff Manor, by the Rev. Robert B. Pattison, reprinted in 1939 from The Briarcliff Weekly. In it, Pattison wrote that Law and his wife who predeceased him in 1910 were buried in Woodland Cemetery.
Unfortunately, there is no community named Somerville in North Carolina and no Woodland Cemetery locally. Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, however, holds the ornate mausoleums of many American retail tycoons, such as F.W. Woolworth, J.C. Penney, S.H. Kress and Franklin Simon. Wouldn’t Woodlawn be a logical burial place for a kingpin in the Sloane retail empire? Moreover, changing only one letter transforms Woodland into Woodlawn.
A phone call to Woodlawn Cemetery elicited a positive response. “Yes, Walter W. Law, deceased in 1924, is buried here. We show his last address as Summerville, South Carolina. He’s buried in the Prospect Plot.” The Prospect Plot turned out to be as big as two football fields.
Walter W. Law’s last resting place is no elaborately impressive mausoleum. Instead, in the shade of a large tree stands a modestly sized rectangular gravestone on which is chiseled the single word “LAW.” Embedded in the ground in front of it are four small, flat stones. These mark the graves of Walter Law, his wife Georgiana Ransom Law, his daughter Caroline, and a son, Arthur, born in 1876 and died the following year. The infant’s brief existence is not mentioned in any source. On his grave marker are inscribed the name “Arthur” and the dates 1876-1877, followed by the New Testament verse, “Suffer little children to come unto me.”
At long last, the forgotten last resting place of Walter W. Law and members of his family had been found, another piece in a tantalizing historical puzzle. But his definitive biography and an in-depth history of his many enterprises still remain to be written.